Originální popis anglicky:
renice - set nice values of running processes
Návod, kniha: POSIX Programmer's Manual
renice -n increment [-g | -p | -u] ID
...
The
renice utility shall request that the nice values (see the Base
Definitions volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 3.239, Nice
Value) of one or more running processes be changed. By default, the applicable
processes are specified by their process IDs. When a process group is
specified (see
-g), the request shall apply to all processes in the
process group.
The nice value shall be bounded in an implementation-defined manner. If the
requested
increment would raise or lower the nice value of the executed
utility beyond implementation-defined limits, then the limit whose value was
exceeded shall be used.
When a user is
reniced, the request applies to all processes whose saved
set-user-ID matches the user ID corresponding to the user.
Regardless of which options are supplied or any other factor,
renice
shall not alter the nice values of any process unless the user requesting such
a change has appropriate privileges to do so for the specified process. If the
user lacks appropriate privileges to perform the requested action, the utility
shall return an error status.
The saved set-user-ID of the user's process shall be checked instead of its
effective user ID when
renice attempts to determine the user ID of the
process in order to determine whether the user has appropriate privileges.
The
renice utility shall conform to the Base Definitions volume of
IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 12.2, Utility Syntax Guidelines.
The following options shall be supported:
- -g
- Interpret all operands as unsigned decimal integer process
group IDs.
- -n increment
- Specify how the nice value of the specified process or
processes is to be adjusted. The increment option-argument is a
positive or negative decimal integer that shall be used to modify the nice
value of the specified process or processes.
Positive
increment values shall cause a lower nice value. Negative
increment values may require appropriate privileges and shall cause a
higher nice value.
- -p
- Interpret all operands as unsigned decimal integer process
IDs. The -p option is the default if no options are specified.
- -u
- Interpret all operands as users. If a user exists with a
user name equal to the operand, then the user ID of that user is used in
further processing. Otherwise, if the operand represents an unsigned
decimal integer, it shall be used as the numeric user ID of the user.
The following operands shall be supported:
- ID
- A process ID, process group ID, or user name/user ID,
depending on the option selected.
Not used.
None.
The following environment variables shall affect the execution of
renice:
- LANG
- Provide a default value for the internationalization
variables that are unset or null. (See the Base Definitions volume of
IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, Section 8.2, Internationalization
Variables for the precedence of internationalization variables used to
determine the values of locale categories.)
- LC_ALL
- If set to a non-empty string value, override the values of
all the other internationalization variables.
- LC_CTYPE
- Determine the locale for the interpretation of sequences of
bytes of text data as characters (for example, single-byte as opposed to
multi-byte characters in arguments).
- LC_MESSAGES
- Determine the locale that should be used to affect the
format and contents of diagnostic messages written to standard error.
- NLSPATH
- Determine the location of message catalogs for the
processing of LC_MESSAGES .
Default.
Not used.
The standard error shall be used only for diagnostic messages.
None.
None.
The following exit values shall be returned:
- 0
- Successful completion.
- >0
- An error occurred.
Default.
The following sections are informative.
None.
- 1.
- Adjust the nice value so that process IDs 987 and 32 would
have a lower nice value:
- 2.
- Adjust the nice value so that group IDs 324 and 76 would
have a higher nice value, if the user has the appropriate privileges to do
so:
- 3.
- Adjust the nice value so that numeric user ID 8 and user
sas would have a lower nice value:
Useful nice value increments on historical systems include 19 or 20 (the
affected processes run only when nothing else in the system attempts to run)
and any negative number (to make processes run faster).
The
gid,
pid, and
user specifications do not fit either the
definition of operand or option-argument. However, for clarity, they have been
included in the OPTIONS section, rather than the OPERANDS section.
The definition of nice value is not intended to suggest that all processes in a
system have priorities that are comparable. Scheduling policy extensions such
as the realtime priorities in the System Interfaces volume of
IEEE Std 1003.1-2001 make the notion of a single underlying
priority for all scheduling policies problematic. Some implementations may
implement the
nice-related features to affect all processes on the
system, others to affect just the general time-sharing activities implied by
this volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001, and others may have no
effect at all. Because of the use of "implementation-defined" in
nice and
renice, a wide range of implementation strategies are
possible.
Originally, this utility was written in the historical manner, using the term
"nice value". This was always a point of concern with users because
it was never intuitively obvious what this meant. With a newer version of
renice, which used the term "system scheduling priority", it
was hoped that novice users could better understand what this utility was
meant to do. Also, it would be easier to document what the utility was meant
to do. Unfortunately, the addition of the POSIX realtime scheduling
capabilities introduced the concepts of process and thread scheduling
priorities that were totally unaffected by the
nice/
renice
utilities or the
nice()/
setpriority() functions. Continuing to
use the term "system scheduling priority'' would have incorrectly
suggested that these utilities and functions were indeed affecting these
realtime priorities. It was decided to revert to the historical term
"nice value" to reference this unrelated process attribute.
Although this utility has use by system administrators (and in fact appears in
the system administration portion of the BSD documentation), the standard
developers considered that it was very useful for individual end users to
control their own processes.
None.
nice()
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE
Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable
Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue
6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between
this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original
IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original
Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html
.
