Originální popis anglicky:
inttypes.h - fixed size integer types
Návod, kniha: POSIX Programmer's Manual
#include <inttypes.h>
Some of the functionality described on this reference page extends the
ISO C standard. Applications shall define the appropriate feature test
macro (see the System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,
Section 2.2, The Compilation Environment) to enable the visibility of these
symbols in this header.
The
<inttypes.h> header shall include the
<stdint.h>
header.
The
<inttypes.h> header shall include a definition of at least the
following type:
- imaxdiv_t
- Structure type that is the type of the value returned by
the imaxdiv() function.
The following macros shall be defined. Each expands to a character string
literal containing a conversion specifier, possibly modified by a length
modifier, suitable for use within the
format argument of a formatted
input/output function when converting the corresponding integer type. These
macros have the general form of PRI (character string literals for the
fprintf() and
fwprintf() family of functions) or SCN (character
string literals for the
fscanf() and
fwscanf() family of
functions), followed by the conversion specifier, followed by a name
corresponding to a similar type name in
<stdint.h>. In these
names,
N represents the width of the type as described in
<stdint.h>. For example,
PRIdFAST32 can be used in a
format string to print the value of an integer of type
int_fast32_t.
The
fprintf() macros for signed integers are:
| PRIdN |
PRIdLEASTN |
PRIdFASTN |
PRIdMAX |
PRIdPTR |
| PRIiN |
PRIiLEASTN |
PRIiFASTN |
PRIiMAX |
PRIiPTR |
The
fprintf() macros for unsigned integers are:
| PRIoN |
PRIoLEASTN |
PRIoFASTN |
PRIoMAX |
PRIoPTR |
| PRIuN |
PRIuLEASTN |
PRIuFASTN |
PRIuMAX |
PRIuPTR |
| PRIxN |
PRIxLEASTN |
PRIxFASTN |
PRIxMAX |
PRIxPTR |
| PRIXN |
PRIXLEASTN |
PRIXFASTN |
PRIXMAX |
PRIXPTR |
The
fscanf() macros for signed integers are:
| SCNdN |
SCNdLEASTN |
SCNdFASTN |
SCNdMAX |
SCNdPTR |
| SCNiN |
SCNiLEASTN |
SCNiFASTN |
SCNiMAX |
SCNiPTR |
The
fscanf() macros for unsigned integers are:
| SCNoN |
SCNoLEASTN |
SCNoFASTN |
SCNoMAX |
SCNoPTR |
| SCNuN |
SCNuLEASTN |
SCNuFASTN |
SCNuMAX |
SCNuPTR |
| SCNxN |
SCNxLEASTN |
SCNxFASTN |
SCNxMAX |
SCNxPTR |
For each type that the implementation provides in
<stdint.h>, the
corresponding
fprintf() and
fwprintf() macros shall be defined
and the corresponding
fscanf() and
fwscanf() macros shall be
defined unless the implementation does not have a suitable modifier for the
type.
The following shall be declared as functions and may also be defined as macros.
Function prototypes shall be provided.
intmax_t imaxabs(intmax_t);
imaxdiv_t imaxdiv(intmax_t, intmax_t);
intmax_t strtoimax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
uintmax_t strtoumax(const char *restrict, char **restrict, int);
intmax_t wcstoimax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
uintmax_t wcstoumax(const wchar_t *restrict, wchar_t **restrict, int);
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <wchar.h>
int main(void)
{
uintmax_t i = UINTMAX_MAX; // This type always exists.
wprintf(L"The largest integer value is %020"
PRIxMAX "\n", i);
return 0;
}
The following sections are informative.
The purpose of
<inttypes.h> is to provide a set of integer types
whose definitions are consistent across machines and independent of operating
systems and other implementation idiosyncrasies. It defines, via
typedef, integer types of various sizes. Implementations are free to
typedef them as ISO C standard integer types or extensions that
they support. Consistent use of this header will greatly increase the
portability of applications across platforms.
The ISO/IEC 9899:1990 standard specified that the language should support
four signed and unsigned integer data types-
char,
short,
int, and
long- but placed very little requirement on their size
other than that
int and
short be at least 16 bits and
long be at least as long as
int and not smaller than 32 bits.
For 16-bit systems, most implementations assigned 8, 16, 16, and 32 bits to
char,
short,
int, and
long, respectively. For
32-bit systems, the common practice has been to assign 8, 16, 32, and 32 bits
to these types. This difference in
int size can create some problems
for users who migrate from one system to another which assigns different sizes
to integer types, because the ISO C standard integer promotion rule can
produce silent changes unexpectedly. The need for defining an extended integer
type increased with the introduction of 64-bit systems.
Macro names beginning with PRI or SCN followed by any lowercase letter or
'X' may be added to the macros defined in the
<inttypes.h>
header.
The System Interfaces volume of IEEE Std 1003.1-2001,
imaxdiv()
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE
Std 1003.1, 2003 Edition, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable
Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue
6, Copyright (C) 2001-2003 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between
this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original
IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original
Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html
.
