Originální popis anglicky:
filesystems - Linux filesystem types: minix, ext, ext2, ext3, xia, msdos,
umsdos, vfat, proc, nfs, iso9660, hpfs, sysv, smb, ncpfs
When, as is customary, the
proc filesystem is mounted on
/proc,
you can find in the file
/proc/filesystems which filesystems your
kernel currently supports. If you need a currently unsupported one, insert the
corresponding module or recompile the kernel.
In order to use a filesystem, you have to
mount it, see
mount(8)
for the mount command, and for the available mount options.
Below a short description of a few of the available filesystems.
- minix
- is the filesystem used in the Minix operating system, the
first to run under Linux. It has a number of shortcomings: a 64MB
partition size limit, short filenames, a single time stamp, etc. It
remains useful for floppies and RAM disks.
- ext
- is an elaborate extension of the minix filesystem.
It has been completely superseded by the second version of the extended
filesystem (ext2) and has been removed from the kernel (in
2.1.21).
- ext2
- is the high performance disk filesystem used by Linux for
fixed disks as well as removable media. The second extended filesystem was
designed as an extension of the extended file system (ext).
ext2 offers the best performance (in terms of speed and CPU usage)
of the filesystems supported under Linux.
- ext3
- is a journaling version of the ext2 filesystem. It is easy
to switch back and forth between ext2 and ext3.
- xiafs
- was designed and implemented to be a stable, safe
filesystem by extending the Minix filesystem code. It provides the basic
most requested features without undue complexity. The xia
filesystem is no longer actively developed or maintained. It was removed
from the kernel in 2.1.21.
- msdos
- is the filesystem used by DOS, Windows, and some OS/2
computers. msdos filenames can be no longer than 8 characters,
followed by an optional period and 3 character extension.
- umsdos
- is an extended DOS filesystem used by Linux. It adds
capability for long filenames, UID/GID, POSIX permissions, and special
files (devices, named pipes, etc.) under the DOS filesystem, without
sacrificing compatibility with DOS.
- vfat
- is an extended DOS filesystem used by Microsoft Windows95
and Windows NT. VFAT adds the capability to use long filenames under the
MSDOS filesystem.
- proc
- is a pseudo-filesystem which is used as an interface to
kernel data structures rather than reading and interpreting
/dev/kmem. In particular, its files do not take disk space. See
proc(5).
- iso9660
- is a CD-ROM filesystem type conforming to the ISO 9660
standard.
- High Sierra
- Linux supports High Sierra, the precursor to the ISO 9660
standard for CD-ROM filesystems. It is automatically recognized within the
iso9660 filesystem support under Linux.
- Rock Ridge
- Linux also supports the System Use Sharing Protocol records
specified by the Rock Ridge Interchange Protocol. They are used to further
describe the files in the iso9660 filesystem to a UNIX host, and
provide information such as long filenames, UID/GID, POSIX permissions,
and devices. It is automatically recognized within the iso9660
filesystem support under Linux.
- hpfs
- is the High Performance Filesystem, used in OS/2. This
filesystem is read-only under Linux due to the lack of available
documentation.
- sysv
- is an implementation of the SystemV/Coherent filesystem for
Linux. It implements all of Xenix FS, SystemV/386 FS, and Coherent
FS.
- nfs
- is the network filesystem used to access disks located on
remote computers.
- smb
- is a network filesystem that supports the SMB protocol,
used by Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT, and Lan Manager.
To use smb fs, you need a special mount program, which can be found
in the ksmbfs package, found at
ftp://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/Linux/system/Filesystems/smbfs.
- ncpfs
- is a network filesystem that supports the NCP protocol,
used by Novell NetWare.
To use ncpfs, you need special programs, which can be found at
ftp://linux01.gwdg.de/pub/ncpfs.
proc(5),
fsck(8),
mkfs(8),
mount(8)
